![]() 40 caliber can wound, injure, incapacitate, or kill. 40 S&W.įrom a trauma surgeon's perspective, both the 9mm and the. Hence the FBI chose to make the change to the 9mm round, which usually offers a higher round count per magazine, faster and more accurate follow-up shots, less perceived recoil, and very similar physical bullet characteristics to the. Having more rounds in your pistol's magazine increases the potential for accurate shots. In other words, shot placement-which is critical to prevailing in a gunfight-must be maintained under the most stressful of circumstances. To quote Bruce Siddle from "Sharpening the Warriors Edge," "stress is a matter of perception and perceptions can be changed through the training process." By training to deal with more stressful situations, and not training until you get it right but training so you don't get it wrong, you have a much better chance of accurate hits under stressful conditions. Shooting accuracy is affected by stress, but the effects of stress can be reduced through experience. Our discussion now comes back to shot placement or wounding accuracy and the potential number of bullets required to increase or maximize the odds of injuring the body of a threat in such a way as to render that person incapacitated. 40 caliber rounds when operating or caring for gunshot patients. I have found a wide variety of depths of penetration for both 9mm and. There are too many variables to accurately predict what the actual depth of penetration will be inside a human body. Despite what many shooters believe, measuring penetration in ballistic gel-simulating muscle tissue-yields limited useful information about penetration in the human body, which is made up of more than just muscle. Penetration in living tissue is a guessing game for both of these rounds. If both expand to the maximum diameter based on bullet design, there is not a large enough difference to account for a larger degree of tissue injury the difference between non-expanded bullets is small as well. In a head shot, the amount of brain tissue disrupted by a bullet produces varying degrees of incapacitation unless the brain stem is hit. If there is a blood vessel that is injured, the larger the hole or injury relates to the volume of blood that is able to leave the vascular system in a period of time as to cause a significant enough loss of blood to make the blood pressure go down to cause the brain not to work as efficiently, then to cause the loss of coordination, which then causes the person to become a reduced threat and eventually lose consciousness.all over time. From a wound ballistics perspective, the diameter of the handgun bullet translates into the permanent cavity, the direct tissue impact or what is actually injured by the projectile as it passes through tissues. There is no debate that for a handgun round to be as effective at incapacitating as quickly as possible, it has to either hit the brain stem, injure a significant amount of brain tissue, or cause extremely rapid exsanguination (hemorrhage). This means that the kinetic energy of the bullet will create both a permanent cavity and to a much lesser extent a temporary cavity.īut handgun ammunition only has acceptable stopping power if the bullet hits a vital structure that would "stop" the target from continuing the fight.ĭiameter 9.01mm (0.355 inches) 10.2mm (0.4 inches)Įxpansion 0.36-0.72 inches 0.4-0.76 inches The projectile also tears through the tissue. ![]() Obviously, shot placement is the only realistic option for a law enforcement officer.Ī handgun bullet shot into the shirtless torso of a person causes a degree of injury due to the body absorbing the bullet's energy and dispersing it in front of and around the path of the bullet. You can use a really large round at very high velocity like the 30mm cannon rounds from an Apache helicopter's M230 Chain Gun, which produces substantial kinetic energy, or you can place your shot where it has the most effect. ![]() So how does ammunition accomplish this? You have two options. I believe the definition of stopping power for law enforcement should be a particular ammunition's effectiveness to render a person unable to offer resistance or remain a threat to the officer, an intended victim, or self.
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